Total marks: --
Total time: --
INSTRUCTIONS
(1) Assume appropriate data and state your reasons
(2) Marks are given to the right of every question
(3) Draw neat diagrams wherever necessary


1(a) Explain the following terms as related to antenna systems:
i) Beam area ii) Directivity iii) Power gain
iv) Effective aperture v) Radiation resistance.
10 M
1(b) Find the directivity of the power pattern given by U = Um sin 2θsin3ϕ; 0≤θ 0&leπ;
0≤ϕ≤θ0≤π.
5 M
1(c) An antenna has a field pattern given by E(θ)= cosθcos2θ for 0≤ θ≤90°. Find half power beam width (HPBW) and beam width between first nulls (BWFN).
5 M

2(a) Derive an expression for array factor and relative field of linear array of 'n' isotropic point sources of equal magnitude and spacing.
8 M
2(b) Complete the field patterns and find BWFN and HPBW for an array of 4 point sources spaced λ/6 distance apart. They have a phase difference of &pie;/3 between adjacent elements.
6 M
2(c) Explain the principle of pattern multiplication with an example.
6 M

3(a) Derive the far field components of short dipole.
7 M
3(b) For a short dipole of λ/15 and loss resistance of 1 Ω Find:
i) Efficiency
ii) Radiation resistance
iii) Effective aperture
6 M
3(c) Write short notes on :
i0 V-antennas
ii) Folded dipole antennas
iii) Rhombic antenna.
7 M

4(a) Derive the far field expressions for small loop antenna.
7 M
4(b) Explain patch or microstrip antennas with necessary sketch.
6 M
4(c) With relevant sketches, explain the principle of Babinet's principle for complementary linear antennas.
7 M

5(a) Explain the practical design considerations for the axial mode helical antennas.
10 M
5(b) Write short notes on:
i) Yagi-Uda antena
ii) Corner reflection antenna.
10 M

6(a) Explain the constructional details of Sleeve antanna and Turnstile antenna.
8 M
6(b) Write short notes on :
i) Embedded antennas
ii) Ultra wideband antennas
iii) Plasma antennas
12 M

7(a) Derive an expression for wave tilt of surface wave.
8 M
7(b) Explain duct propagation in detail.
6 M
7(c) Estimate the wave tilt in degrees of the surface wave over on earth of 5 millimhos conductivity and relative permitivity of 10 at 1 Mhz.
6 M

8(a) Derive an expression for refractive index of an ionospheric propagation.
6 M
8(b) A high frequency link is established for a range of 2000 km. If the reflection region of ionosphere is at a height of 200 km and has a critical frequency of 6 Mhz, calculate maximum usable frequency (MUF).
6 M
8(c) Define the following terma related to ionospheric propagation:
i) MUF
ii) Critical frequency
iii) Virtual height
iv) Skip distance
8 M



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